Wood anatomy and growth ring boundaries of Copaifera lucens (Fabaceae)
Fontana, Cláudia | Pérez de Lis Castro, Gonzalo | Santini-Junior, Luiz | Botosso, Paulo Cesar | Nabais, Cristina | Tomazello Filho, Mario | Lousada, José Luís Penetra Cerveira | University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos) | SILVA (SILVA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP) | Embrapa Florestas = Embrapa Forestry ; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation = Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) | Dept Life Sci, Funct Ecol Ctr ; Universidade de Coimbra = University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC) | Forestry Dept ; Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
The wood anatomy of Copaifera lucens Dwyer was studied with an emphasis on its growth ring boundaries. Growth rings arc visible to the naked eye and demarcated by marginal parenchyma bands and, sometimes, by thick-walled fibers in the latewood. Secretory canals arc associated with marginal parenchyma bands, but not all marginal parenchyma bands are associated with canals. Paratracheal parenchyma is vasicentric to lozenge-aliform. Rays arc 1-4-seriate, heterocellular and non-storied. Vessels are visible to the naked eye, diffuse, predominantly solitary, some in multiples, sometimes filled with gums. Crystals present. Wood anatomical characteristics of C. lucens are in agreement with those previously reported for other species of Copaifera. In addition to what had already been described for C. lucens, we observed gelatinous fibers, and some bifurcate fibers, and extremely rare clustered vessels. The growth ring boundaries are well-defined in mature wood but less distinctive near the pith. There are also partial and confluent (wedging) rings, which are difficult to classify by anatomy only, but which represent false rings and complicate tree-ring analysis in this species.
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