Avaliação da exposição ambiental ao Glifosato na área agrícola da Serrinha do Mendanha | Assessment of environmental exposure to Glyphosate in the area of agricultural Serrinha Mendanha

O glifosato é um herbicida não-seletivo, sistêmico e suas vendas representam em torno de 60 por cento das vendas de herbicida em todo o planeta, totalizando uma quantia de 1,2 bilhões de dólares anuais. Este princípio ativo é apontado como um potencial contaminante ambiental, juntamente a seu metabólito, o ácido aminometilfosfônico (AMPA), visto que são altamente hidrossolúveis. Adegradação de glifosato em AMPA ocorre rapidamente no meio ambiente. A dispersão pelo ar e a contaminação de corpos hídricos, são potenciais fontes de exposição a seres humanos, que pode acontecer de forma direta ou indireta, sendo que a exposição crônica a estas substâncias vem sendo estudada com resultados que sugerem correlação entre a exposição e desregulação endócrina, câncer e dermatites. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o processo de contaminação ambiental por Glifosato, na área rural da Serrinha do Mendanha, pertencente ao bairro de Campo Grande, município do Rio de Janeiro. Essa comunidade é considerada como periurbana, apesar das características comuns às comunidades agrícolas, devido à proximidade de centros urbanos. O local é caracterizado pela presença de pequenas propriedades, onde as principais culturas são as de chuchu, abobrinha, banana, aipim, jiló e quiabo,observando-se um elevado consumo do herbicida glifosato. Para a avaliação da contaminação ambiental foi otimizado um método de análise para o glifosato em água. Além disso, foram avaliadas as diferenças no processo de trabalho da área periurbana em relação a áreas exclusivamente rurais. O glifosato pode ser identificado e quantificado analiticamente através de vários métodos, sendo a cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM) a técnica escolhida para odesenvolvimento deste trabalho, após uma reação de derivatização, necessária para este tipo de análise.Foram investigadas 8 diferentes amostras de água, oriundas de 8 diferentes propriedades, sendo encontrado o metabólito AMPA na concentração de 2,98 ug/L em uma delas. Também foi investigado através de questionário. Apesar de apenas uma amostra ter apresentado resultado positivo, não se pode afirmar que a população não está exposta ambientalmente ao glifosato e a outros agrotóxicos, visto que há intensa aplicação destes produtos no local e esta não é feita com a devida proteção. Sugere-se estudos posteriores avaliando não só a matriz água, mas também o ar , além de matrizes biológicas, a fim se investigar os efeitos da exposição a estas substâncias sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores atuantes na Serrinha do Mendanha.

The herbicide glyphosate is a non-selective, systemic, and its sales represent around 60% of the sales of herbicide around the world, totaling an amount of 1.2 billion dollars annually. This active principle is identified as a potential environmental contaminant, together with its metabolite, the aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), since they are highly water soluble. The degradation of glyphosate in AMPA occurs rapidly in the environment. The scattering by air and contamination of water bodies are potential sources of exposure to humans, which can happen directly or indirectly, Chronic exposure to these substances has been studied with results that suggest a correlation between exposure and endocrine disruption , cancer and dermatitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the process of environmental contamination by Glyphosate in the rural area of Serrinha do Mendanha which belongs to the neighborhood of Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro. This community is considered periurban due to the proximity to urban centers, despite the common characteristics with other agriculture communities. The site is characterized by the presence of small properties, where the main crops are vegetables, observing a high consumption of the herbicide glyphosate. To assess environmental contamination an analytical method was optimized to determine glyphosate in water. In addition, the differences between the work process in rural and periurban areas were evaluated. Glyphosate can be identified and quantified by several analytical methods, and the gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) the technique chosen for the development of this work after a reaction of derivatization is necessary for this type of analysis. In this study 8 different samples of water were investigated from 8 different properties, and found the metabolite AMPA in a concentration of 2.98 ug / L in one of them. The process of working was investigated through a questionnaire. Although only one sample has shown a positive result, it can not be said that the population is not environmentally exposed to glyphosate and other pesticides, as there is intense application of these products in place and this is not done with proper protection. It is suggested that further studies evaluating not only water but also the air, and biological matrices, to investigate whether the effects of exposure to these substances on the health of workers from Serrinha do Mendanha.

The herbicide glyphosate is a non-selective, systemic, and its sales represent around 60% of the sales of herbicide around the world, totaling an amount of 1.2 billion dollars annually. This active principle is identified as a potential environmental contaminant, together with its metabolite, the aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), since they are highly water soluble. The degradation of glyphosate in AMPA occurs rapidly in the environment. The scattering by air and contamination of water bodies are potential sources of exposure to humans, which can happen directly or indirectly, Chronic exposure to these substances has been studied with results that suggest a correlation between exposure and endocrine disruption , cancer and dermatitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the process of environmental contamination by Glyphosate in the rural area of Serrinha do Mendanha which belongs to the neighborhood of Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro. This community is considered periurban due to the proximity to urban centers, despite the common characteristics with other agriculture communities. The site is characterized by the presence of small properties, where the main crops are vegetables, observing a high consumption ofthe herbicide glyphosate. To assess environmental contamination an analytical method was optimized to determine glyphosate in water. In addition, the differences between the work process in rural and periurban areas were evaluated. Glyphosate can be identified and quantified by several analytical methods, and the gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) the technique chosen for the development of this work after a reaction of derivatization is necessary for this type of analysis. In this study 8 different samples of water were investigated from 8 different properties, and found the metabolite AMPA in a concentration of 2.98 ug / L in one of them. The process of working was investigated through a questionnaire. Although only one sample has shown a positive result, it can not be said that the population is not environmentally exposed to glyphosate and other pesticides, as there is intense application of these products in place and this is not done with proper protection. It is suggested that further studies evaluating not only water but also the air, and biological matrices, to investigate whether the effects of exposure to these substances on the health of workers from Serrinha do Mendanha.