Screening of Circulation of Usutu and West Nile Viruses: A One Health Approach in Humans, Domestic Animals and Mosquitoes in Burkina Faso, West Africa
Tinto, Bachirou | Kaboré, Didier Patinde Alexandre | Kagoné, Thérèse Samdapawindé | Constant, Orianne | Barthelemy, Jonathan | Kiba-Koumaré, Alice | van de Perre, Philippe | Dabiré, Roch Kounbobr | Baldet, Thierry | Gutierrez, Serafin | Gil, Patricia | Kania, Dramane | Simonin, Yannick | Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI) ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Etablissement français du don du sang [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM) | Centre Muraz [Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso] | Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) / Centre Muraz | Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine[Ouagadougou] | Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) ; Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique [Ouagadougou] (CNRST) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad) | This research was funded by Montpellier University of Excellence (MUSE) through the ANR (the French National Research Agency) under the “Investissements d’avenir” programme, with the reference ANR-16-IDEX-0006. | ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016)
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. Usutu virus (USUV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are phylogenetically closely related arboviruses. These viruses mainly follow an enzootic cycle involving mosquitoes and birds, but they occasionally infect humans and other mammals, inducing neurotropic disorders. Since the discovery of USUV, only two human cases have been reported in Africa, including one in Burkina Faso in 2004. Since then, no studies have been conducted to measure the extent of the circulation of this virus in Burkina Faso, and no study regarding the circulation of WNV has been conducted. Our study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of USUV and WNV in blood donations and in animals (horses, dogs, chickens and pigeons) and to perform molecular screening in patients with febrile fever and in Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The prevalence of USUV and WNV was studied by serological (ELISA and microneutralization tests) and molecular analyses (RT-qPCR) of mosquito, dog, domestic bird, horse, and human samples in Burkina Faso between 2019 and 2021. We detected a very active transmission of both viruses in Burkina Faso. WNV and USUV seroprevalence is particularly high in humans (19.16% and 14.17%, respectively) and horses (17.28% and 6.17%). Molecular screening did not detect WNV or USUV in the mosquito or human samples tested. Our study shows an active spread of USUV and WNV in Burkina Faso, especially for WNV. This study highlights the value of developing surveillance programs to better prevent, detect, and alert people to USUV and WNV circulation in both primary and incidental hosts.
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