Herbicidas coformulados sobre el control de malezas en el cultivo de maíz (Zea Mays).

This document deals with the importance of co-formulated herbicides on weed control in corn (Zea Mays) cultivation. The conclusions determined that weeds in corn cultivation represent a recurring challenge in most areas of arable land. Like crops, they have emerged as unintended results of human selection processes, in which certain species now prevail over crops and cause significant economic losses. Globally, it is estimated that there is a diversity of approximately eight thousand species of unwanted plants, and of all the damage caused by harmful organisms in agriculture, weeds contribute 13%. Herbicides eliminate weeds by altering biochemical processes, such as photosynthesis, that occur in the symplast or living system of the plant. Herbicides have the ability to disturb soil ecosystems through their direct and indirect influence on various elements of the soil microbiota, such as phytopathogenic organisms, antagonists, mycorrhizae and microbial communities. Herbicides can influence various physiological aspects of weed plants, such as growth control, suppression of cell division, reduction of respiratory and photosynthetic activity, as well as interference in complex metabolic processes. It is crucial to recognize problem weeds in corn cultivation, select appropriate herbicides and doses, use high quality water, apply adjuvants when necessary to improve effectiveness, calibrate spray equipment, ensure adequate contact with the weed at sufficient doses and facilitate penetration into the plant. Within the economic analysis of the cultivars, positive net benefits have been evident, particularly in the use of co-formulated herbicides. These benefits were notably influenced by weed control results, as weeds represent a major barrier to global agricultural production. Weeds are plants that, under certain conditions, cause economic and social damage to farmers.

This document deals with the importance of co-formulated herbicides on weed control in corn (Zea Mays) cultivation. The conclusions determined that weeds in corn cultivation represent a recurring challenge in most areas of arable land. Like crops, they have emerged as unintended results of human selection processes, in which certain species now prevail over crops and cause significant economic losses. Globally, it is estimated that there is a diversity of approximately eight thousand species of unwanted plants, and of all the damage caused by harmful organisms in agriculture, weeds contribute 13%. Herbicides eliminate weeds by altering biochemical processes, such as photosynthesis, that occur in the symplast or living system of the plant. Herbicides have the ability to disturb soil ecosystems through their direct and indirect influence on various elements of the soil microbiota, such as phytopathogenic organisms, antagonists, mycorrhizae and microbial communities. Herbicides can influence various physiological aspects of weed plants, such as growth control, suppression of cell division, reduction of respiratory and photosynthetic activity, as well as interference in complex metabolic processes. It is crucial to recognize problem weeds in corn cultivation, select appropriate herbicides and doses, use high quality water, apply adjuvants when necessary to improve effectiveness, calibrate spray equipment, ensure adequate contact with the weed at sufficient doses and facilitate penetration into the plant. Within the economic analysis of the cultivars, positive net benefits have been evident, particularly in the use of co-formulated herbicides. These benefits were notably influenced by weed control results, as weeds represent a major barrier to global agricultural production. Weeds are plants that, under certain conditions, cause economic and social damage to farmers.

El presente documento trata sobre la importancia de ellos herbicidas coformulados sobre el control de malezas en el cultivo de maíz (Zea Mays). Las conclusiones determinaron que las malezas en el cultivo de maíz representan un desafío recurrente en la mayoría de las áreas de tierra cultivable. Al igual que los cultivos, han surgido como resultados no deseados de procesos de selección humana, en los que ahora ciertas especies prevalecen sobre los cultivos y provocan importantes pérdidas económicas. A nivel global, se estima que existe una diversidad de aproximadamente ocho mil especies de plantas no deseadas, y de todos los daños provocados por organismos perjudiciales en la agricultura, las malezas contribuyen con el 13 %. Los herbicidas eliminan las malas hierbas alterando los procesos bioquímicos, como la fotosíntesis, que ocurren en el simplasto o sistema vivo de la planta. Los herbicidas poseen la capacidad de perturbar los ecosistemas del suelo a través de su influencia directa e indirecta en diversos elementos de la microbiota edáfica, como organismos fitopatógenos, antagonistas, micorrizas y las comunidades microbianas. Los herbicidas pueden influir en diversos aspectos fisiológicos de las plantas malas hierbas, tales como el control del crecimiento, la supresión de la división celular, la reducción de la actividad respiratoria y fotosintética, así como la interferencia en procesos metabólicos complejos. Es crucial reconocer las malezas problemáticas en el cultivo de maíz, seleccionar herbicidas y dosis apropiadas, utilizar agua de alta calidad, aplicar adyuvantes cuando sea necesario para mejorar la eficacia, calibrar el equipo de aspersión, asegurar un contacto adecuado con la maleza en dosis suficientes y facilitar la penetración en la planta. Dentro del análisis económico de los cultivares, se ha evidenciado los beneficios netos positivos, particularmente en el uso de herbicidas coformulados. Estos beneficios se vieron notablemente influenciados por los resultados del control de malezas, ya que las malezas representan una barrera importante para la producción agrícola mundial. Las malezas son plantas que, bajo ciertas condiciones, causan daños económicos y sociales a los agricultores.