Comparación del contenido de amilosa y proteínas en arroz (Oryza sativa L.) y líneas avanzadas de arroz F8

This work aims to carry out a comparative analysis between rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) that are marketed in Ecuador and advanced F8 lines (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica x Oryza rufipogon G.), of the genetic improvement project carried out by the Technical University of Babahoyo, of which results obtained from different sources on the contents of amylose and proteins that the studied variables have will be described and interpreted. Very important data will be established when selecting varieties according to the needs of consumers. It will be specified which of the lines has more or less amylose and protein content compared to the varieties and determine which variable has the best characteristics. Through the analysis of the results of the amylose content it was determined that the varieties INIAP 17 (65.81 %) and INIAP 14 (41.51 %) have higher amylose content in relation to the advanced lines F8, the amylose content was also compared between 13 F8 lines of which line number 38 resulted in the highest amylose content 26 % and line number 9 contains the lowest percentage of amylose with 12.9 %, regarding the comparison of protein analyses, it was established that the percentages were relatively equal among all the lines and varieties analyzed, so we can conclude that commercial varieties being of type Indica have a higher amylose content so they have firm consistency and little adhesion, unlike the advanced F8 lines since it is a cross between the japonica subspecies and Oryza rufipogon, they show greater adhesion and less firm consistency.

This work aims to carry out a comparative analysis between rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) that are marketed in Ecuador and advanced F8 lines (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica x Oryza rufipogon G.), of the genetic improvement project carried out by the Technical University of Babahoyo, of which results obtained from different sources on the contents of amylose and proteins that the studied variables have will be described and interpreted. Very important data will be established when selecting varieties according to the needs of consumers. It will be specified which of the lines has more or less amylose and protein content compared to the varieties and determine which variable has the best characteristics. Through the analysis of the results of the amylose content it was determined that the varieties INIAP 17 (65.81 %) and INIAP 14 (41.51 %) have higher amylose content in relation to the advanced lines F8, the amylose content was also compared between 13 F8 lines of which line number 38 resulted in the highest amylose content 26 % and line number 9 contains the lowest percentage of amylose with 12.9 %, regarding the comparison of protein analyses, it was established that the percentages were relatively equal among all the lines and varieties analyzed, so we can conclude that commercial varieties being of type Indica have a higher amylose content so they have firm consistency and little adhesion, unlike the advanced F8 lines since it is a cross between the japonica subspecies and Oryza rufipogon, they show greater adhesion and less firm consistency.

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar un análisis comparativo entre variedades de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) que se comercializan en el Ecuador y líneas avanzadas F8 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japónica x Oryza rufipogon G.), del proyecto de mejoramiento genético que lleva a cabo la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo, de las cuales se describirá e interpretara resultados obtenidos de distintas fuentes sobre los contenidos de amilosa y proteínas que poseen las variables estudiadas. Se establecerán datos de gran importancia al momento de seleccionar variedades de acuerdo con las necesidades de los consumidores. Se especificará cuál de las líneas tiene mayor o menor contenido de amilosa y proteínas en comparación con las variedades y determinar que variable presenta las mejores características. Mediante el análisis de los resultados del contenido de amilosa se determinó que las variedades INIAP 17 (65.81 %) e INIAP 14 (41.51 %) tienen mayor contenido de amilosa en relación con las líneas avanzadas F8, también se comparó el contenido de amilosa entre 13 líneas F8 de las cuales la línea numero 38 resulto con mayor contenido de amilosa 26 % y la línea numero 9 contiene el menor porcentaje de amilosa con el 12.9 %, en lo que se refiere a la comparación de los análisis de proteínas, se estableció que los porcentajes fueron relativamente iguales entre todas las líneas y variedades analizadas, por lo cual podemos concluir que las variedades comerciales al ser de tipo Indica tienen mayor contenido de amilosa por lo cual presentan consistencia firme y poca adherencia, a diferencia de las líneas avanzadas F8 ya que por tratarse de un cruce entre la subespecie japónica y Oryza rufipogon, muestran mayor adherencia y consistencia menos firme.