Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in plants and soil from Spanish cereal fields
2008
The objective of the present study was to investigate the content of 27 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil, fertilized or unfertilized with sewage sludge or mineral fertilizer, and in cereal plants (barley, wheat and oat) from agricultural fields located in Madrid (Spain). PAHs were extracted from soil by sonication assisted extraction in small columns (SAESC). Plants, roots and the aerial part separately, were extracted with ethyl acetate by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) on a Florisil-anhydrous sodium sulfate mixture. PAHs were determined by isotope dilution gas chromatography with electron impact mass spectrometric detection in the selected ion monitoring mode (GC-MS-SIM) using deuterated compounds as internal standards. In general, the most abundant PAHs found in plants were naphthalene and phenanthrene and the PAH concentration detected in the aerial part of plants was lower than in roots. In soil samples, the main compounds detected were phenanthrene, benzo[a]anthracene and benzo[b]fluorene. The PAH levels found in plants and soil were not affected by fertilizer application, at the doses applied in cereal fields. The concentration of PAHs in soil samples were of the same order than those found in rural soils by other authors. © by PSP 2008.
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