No reduction in genetic diversity of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) in Tatra Mountains despite high fragmentation and small population size
Dzialuk, Artur | Chybicki, Igor | Gout, Roman | Maczka, Tomasz | Fleischer, Peter | Konrad, Heino | Curtu, Alexandru Lucian | Sofletea, Nicolae | Valadon, Alain | Kazimierz Wielki University (UKW) | Ukrainian State University of Forestry and Wood Technology ; Partenaires INRAE | Tatra National Park ; Partenaires INRAE | Slovak National Forests ; Partenaires INRAE | Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests Natural Hazards and Landscape | University of Transilvania | Conservatoire génétique des arbres forestiers USC 1386 (CGAF) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Office national des forêts (ONF) | Grant from the Polish National Science Centre (NN304 129336)
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. In Europe, most of the alpine timberline ecotone has been altered by human activities and climate change. Hence, mountain forests are of the highest conservation interest. Here, we screened 25 populations of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) from the Carpathians and the Alps, using a set of ten microsatellite primers to assess the relative conservation value of populations sampled in Polish and Slovak Tatra National Parks, where potential extinction risk is the highest within the Carpathian range. Although endangered, with small and fragmented populations, P. cembra in the Tatra Mts. shows high levels of allelic richness (AR = 5.0) and observed heterozygosity (H (o) = 0.554). Our results suggest that anthropogenic habitat fragmentation has had little impact on DNA variation of Swiss stone pine in the Tatra Mts. However, the effects of changing conditions on the genetic structure may occur with a substantial time delay due to the long life span of P. cembra. Moreover, inbreeding depression may occur in the next generations, since we found inbreeding (F (IS) = 0.063) and elevated coancestry coefficient (theta = 0.062) in all populations. Also a shallow pattern of genetic differentiation between populations was found, indicating recent fragmentation of a common gene pool that formerly occupied a larger range. Therefore, the Tatra Mts. can be considered as a single conservation unit. Based on our results, we suggest possible conservation activities for Swiss stone pine both in Poland and Slovakia.
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