Genome-Wide Epigenetic Studies in Chicken : A Review
David, Sarah-Anne | Mersch, Marjorie | Foissac, Sylvain | Collin, Anne | Pitel, Frederique | Coustham, Vincent | Unité de Recherches Avicoles (URA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | ANR “ChickStress” (ANR-13-ADAP-0014) | ANR-13-ADAP-0014,ChickStress,Mécanismes d'adaptation à la chaleur et à un aliment suboptimal chez la poule pondeuse(2013) | ANR-15-CE02-0009,QuailHeatE,Mécanismes épigénétiques du conditionnement précoce à la chaleur chez la caille(2015)
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Английский. Over the years, farmed birds have been selected on various performance traits mainly through genetic selection. However, many studies have shown that genetics may not be the sole contributor to phenotypic plasticity. Gene expression programs can be influenced by environmentally induced epigenetic changes that may alter the phenotypes of the developing animals. Recently, high-throughput sequencing techniques became sufficiently affordable thanks to technological advances to study whole epigenetic landscapes in model plants and animals. In birds,a growing number of studies recently took advantage of these techniques to gain insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation in processes such as immunity or environmental adaptation. Here, we review the current gain of knowledge on the chicken epigenome made possible by recent advances in high-throughput sequencing techniques by focusing on the two most studied epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications. We discuss and provide insights about designing and performing analyses to further explore avian epigenomes. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in relation to bird phenotypes may provide new knowledge and markers that shouldundoubtedly contribute to a sustainable poultry production.
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