Assessment of domestic water quality: Case study, Beirut, Lebanon
Korfali S.I. | Jurdi M. | Korfali, S.I., Natural Science Division, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran Beirut 1102 2801 Beirut, Lebanon | Jurdi, M., Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon | Korfali, S.I.; Natural Science Division, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran Beirut 1102 2801 Beirut, Lebanon; email: [email protected] | University: American University of Beirut; Faculty: Faculty of Health Sciences; Department: Environmental Health; | Environmental Health | [email protected] | Faculty of Health Sciences | Korfali, SI | Jurdi, M | Korfali, SI (reprint author), Lebanese Amer Univ, Div Nat Sci, POB 13-5053, Beirut 11022801, Lebanon. | American University of Beirut
In urban cities, the environmental services are the responsibility of the public sector, where piped water supply is the norm for urban household. Likewise, in Beirut City (capital of Lebanon) official water authorities are the main supplier of domestic water through a network of piping system that leaks in many areas. Beirut City and its suburbs are overpopulated since it is the residence of 1-3 of the Lebanese citizens. Thus, Beirut suffers deficiency in meeting its water demand. Water rationing, as a remedial action, is firmly established since four decades by the Lebanese Water Authorities. Consumers resorted then to private wells to supplement their domestic water needs. Consequently, household water quality is influenced by external factors relating to well water characteristics and internal factors depending on the types of the pipes of the distribution network and cross connections to sewer pipes. These factors could result in chemical and microbial contamination of drinking water. The objective of this study is to investigate domestic water quality variation in Beirut City emerging form the aforementioned factors. The presented work encircles a typical case study of Beirut City (Ras Beirut). Results showed deterioration pattern in domestic water quality. The predicted metal species and scales within the water pipes of distribution network depended on water pH, hardness, sulfate, chloride, and iron. The corrosion of iron pipes mainly depended on Mg hardness. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]ACRA A, 2001, INT J ENVIRON STUD, V58, P761, DOI 10.1080-00207230108711367; ACRA A, 1983, MESAEP; APHA AWWA WEF, 1998, STAND METH EX WAT WA; BRAZILAY JI, 1999, WATER WE DRINK; Drever JI, 1997, GEOCHEMISTRY NATURAL; *ECODIT, 2002, UNPUB STAT ENV LEB R; El-Fadel M., 2003, Management of Environmental Quality, V14, P353, DOI 10.1108-14777830310479441; FAAOUR A, 1993, LEBANON ATLAS; Ford T, 1996, GLOBAL DECLINE MICRO; JABER B, 1997, WATER LEBANON PROBLE; JURDI M, 2002, J ENV PRACTICE, V4, P72; Kjellen M., 2000, WATER RESOURCE DEV, V16, P143; LABABIDI H, 1987, INT J ENVIRON STUD, V30, P203, DOI 10.1080-00207238708710394; Lin JP, 2001, CORROS SCI, V43, P2065, DOI 10.1016-S0010-938X(01)00016-6; PATHAN MD, 1977, THESIS AM U BEIRUT L, V1; PELTEKIAN AA, 1980, THESIS AM U BEIRUT L; Saghir J., 2000, URBAN WATER SANITATI; Sander A, 1997, CORROS SCI, V39, P77, DOI 10.1016-S0010-938X(97)89245-1; Sarin P, 2001, WATER RES, V35, P2961, DOI 10.1016-S0043-1354(00)00591-1; Sarin P, 2004, WATER RES, V38, P1259, DOI 10.1016-j.watres.2003.11.022; STUMM W, 1996, AQUATIC CHEM CHEM EQ, pCH10; Tang ZJ, 2006, CORROS SCI, V48, P322, DOI 10.1016-j.corsci.2005.02.005; WHO (World Health Organisation), 2004, GUID DRINK WAT QUAL, V1
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Ключевые слова АГРОВОК
Библиографическая информация
Эту запись предоставил American University of Beirut