Chemical composition of aboriginal peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds from Uruguay.
Nelson R. Grosso | Enrique I. Lucini | Abel G. López | Carlos A. Guzmán
Oil, protein, carbohydrate and ash contents, iodine value, and fatty acid and sterol compositions were studied in seed of 9 aboriginal (Arachis hypogaea subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris cultivars originating from Uruguay. They showed a high protein level as other varieties of the subspecie fastigiata (these protein percentages are higher than varieties of subspecie (hypogaea ). Palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), arachidic (20:0), eicosenoic (20:1), behenic (22:0), and lignoceric (24:0) acids were detected. The cultivar 7 Uv showed higher oleic acid content (42.53%) and 0/L ratio (1.09). The cultivars 2 Uv and 5 Uv had higher percentage in linoleic acid (43.67% and 43.40%, respectively). The cultivar 3 Uv and 4 Uv exhibited lower iodine value (104.90 and 104.73, respectively). Cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol, Δ7-estigmasteroI and Δ7-avenasterol were detected in the sterols, β-sitosterol was the most abundant. Significant difference was only found for stigmasterol. The chemical quality of these seeds is characterized by higher protein levels and oils with lower O/L ratio and higher iodine value.
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