不同加工方式的油茶籽油对变应性接触性 皮炎的抗炎效果Anti-inflammatory effect of oil-tea camellia seed oil extracted by different methods on allergic contact dermatitis

为了明确不同加工方式的油茶籽油对变应性接触性皮炎（ACD）的治疗效果，并探究油茶籽油中的主要抗炎物质，分别制备低温压榨油茶籽油、热榨油茶籽原油、热榨精炼油茶籽油、土榨油茶籽油和超临界CO2油茶籽油，分析不同加工方式及添加不同活性物质的油茶籽油对ACD模型小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响，并结合ELISA法、HE染色和免疫组化探究其对小鼠炎症的抑制效果。结果表明：超临界CO2油茶籽油对ACD小鼠耳廓肿胀的抑制率最高，与阳性对照组相比其小鼠血清中炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6含量降低率超过10%，炎症细胞浸润程度明显好转，耳廓肿胀组织中NF-κB阳性表达量与阴性对照组相比无显著差异；预防性给药的抗炎效果普遍低于造模后给药；倍数添加角鲨烯和生育酚的油茶籽油对ACD小鼠耳廓肿胀的抑制率显著提高，在50%左右，且角鲨烯、生育酚处理组小鼠耳廓组织中NF-κB阳性表达量与阴性对照组无显著差异。因此，外用超临界CO2萃取的油茶籽油治疗小鼠ACD效果最佳，其抗炎效果并非源于单一活性成分，与角鲨烯和生育酚等活性成分均密切相关。In order to clarify the therapeutic effect of oil-tea camellia seed oil extracted by different methods on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), and further explore the potential active substances of anti-inflammatory in oil-tea camellia seed oil, cold pressed oil-tea camellia seed oil, hot pressed crude oil-tea camellia seed oil, hot pressed-refined oil-tea camellia seed oil, native pressed oil-tea camellia seed oil, and supercritical CO2 extracted oil-tea camellia seed oil were prepared, the effects of different processing methods of oil-tea camellia seed oils and different active substances added with oil-tea camellia seed oils on auricular swelling in ACD model mice were analyzed, and their anti-inflammatory effect in mice were studied by combining ELISA method, HE staining, and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the supercritical CO2 extracted oil-tea camellia seed oil showed the highest inhibition rate on auricular swelling of ACD mice, and the inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were reduced more than 10% compared with positive control. The degree of inflammatory infiltration significantly improved, and there was no significant difference in NF-κB positive expression of auricular tissue between supercritical CO2 extracted oil-tea camellia seed oil treatment group and negative control. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of prophylactic administration was generally lower than that of post modeling administration.The oil-tea camellia seed oil that supplemented with multiple squalene and tocopherol increased the inhibition rate of auricular swelling about 50%. There was no significant difference in NF-κB positive expression of auricular tissue between the squalene and tocopherol group and the negative control. In general, supercritical CO2 extracted oil-tea camellia seed oil exhibits the best therapeutic effect on ACD mice, and the active anti-inflammatory ingredients are closely related to squalene and tocopherol.