基于微纳米气泡强化的槽式超声反应器制备纳米乳液Preparation of nanoemulsion in trough ultrasonic reactor based on micro-nano bubble strengthening

为开发工业制备纳米乳液新技术，通过仿真实验分析在槽式超声反应器中引入微纳米气泡对声场强度和分布的影响。以花生油为油相，吐温80和司盘80为乳化剂，在乳化过程中采用基于微纳米气泡强化的槽式超声反应器制备纳米乳液。利用正交实验探索了超声时间、进气量、复合乳化剂添加量对纳米乳液平均粒径与多分散指数的影响，并优化了纳米乳液制备条件。结果表明：加入适量微纳米气泡会提高声场强度和分布均匀性；制备纳米乳液的最优条件为超声时间12 min、进气量150 mL/min、复合乳化剂添加量3%（以水的体积计），在此条件下乳液平均粒径为190.9 nm，多分散指数为0.178，较未加入微纳米气泡所制备乳液的平均粒径减小73.3%，且表现出更好的动力学稳定性。该方法制备的纳米乳液平均粒径和多分散指数均较小，且具有快速、体量大、成本低的生产优势。 In order to develop new technologies for industrial preparation of nanoemulsion, the effects of introducing micro-nano bubbles in the trough ultrasonic reactor on the intensity and distribution of the sound field were analyzed through simulation experiment. With peanut oil as oil phase, Tween 80 and Span 80 as emulsifiers, and nanoemulsion was prepared in trough ultrasonic reactor based on micro-nano bubble strengthening in the emulsification process. The effects of ultrasonic time, air intake, dosage of compound emulsifier on the average particle size and polydispersity index of nanoemulsion were investigated by orthogonal experiment, and the preparation conditions of nanoemulsion were optimized. The results showed that adding an appropriate amount of micro-nano bubbles could improve the sound field intensity and uniformity of distribution. The optimal conditions for preparation of nanoemulsion were obtained as follows: ultrasonic time 12 min, air intake 150 mL/min, dosage of compound emulsifier 3%(based on the water volume). Under these conditions, the average particle size of the nanoemulsion was 1909 nm, and the polydispersity index was 0.178. The average particle size of the nanoemulsion was reduced by 73.3% than that without micro-nano bubble, and showed better dynamic stability. The average particle size and polydispersity index of the nanoemulsion prepared by this method are small, and the method has advantages of rapid preparation, large volume, and low cost.