Applying Silver Nanoparticles to Enhance Metabolite Accumulation and Biodiesel Production in New Algal Resources
Maria Hasnain | Neelma Munir | Zainul Abideen | Daniel Anthony Dias | Farheen Aslam | Roberto Mancinelli
Biofuel generation from algae can be increased by using nanotechnology. The present study emphasizes the use of silver nanoparticles on algae for algal fuel generation along with the impact of nanoparticles on biomass, metabolites and lipid profile. Silver ion amassing was enhanced in each algal species, but maximum phytoremediation was found in <i>Ulothrix</i> sp. Carbohydrates increased 3.2 times in <i>Oedogonium</i> sp., 3.3 times in <i>Ulothrix</i> sp., 3 times in <i>Cladophora</i> sp. and 2.7 times in <i>Spirogyra</i> sp. Additionally, the application of nanoparticles enhanced by 2 times the production of proteins in <i>Oedogonium</i> sp., 1.9 times in <i>Ulothrix</i> sp., 1.9 times in <i>Cladophora</i> sp. and 2.1 times in <i>Spirogyra</i> sp. Finally, the total lipid yield increased 60% DCW in <i>Oedogonium</i> sp., 56% DCW in <i>Ulothrix</i> sp., 58% DCW in <i>Cladophora</i> sp. and 63% DCW in <i>Spirogyra</i> sp. using 0.08 mg/L silver nanoparticle application. The lipids and fatty acid fractions from algae containing high concentrations of C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 enhanced with silver nanoparticle addition were comparable with EN 14214 and ASTM 6751 biodiesel standards. This study indicates that the uptake of AgNPs can enhance the production of fatty acids and be commercialized as sustainable biodiesel. The algae <i>Ulothrix</i> sp. is evidenced as the best competent feedstock for biofuel production.
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