The Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase Gene <em>CCD7-B</em>, at Large, Is Associated with Tillering in Common Wheat
Wenlong Yang | Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar | Muhammad Shoaib | Xueyuan Lou | Linhe Sun | Jiazhu Sun | Kehui Zhan | Aimin Zhang
Wheat, an important cereal crop, is responsible for the livelihoods of many people, and a component of national food security. Tillering, which determines plant architecture and spike number, is a critical agronomic trait of wheat. The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 7 (CCD7) has an important effect on the growth of tillers or lateral branches and lateral roots of plants. In order to study the relationship between <i>CCD7</i> and tillering in wheat, <i>CCD7-B</i> was isolated from 10 Chinese wheat varieties with different tiller numbers. Subsequently, bioinformatics, allelic variation analysis, and field experiments were performed. Wheat <i>CCD7-B</i> belongs to the retinal pigment epithelial membrane receptor (RPE65) superfamily; it displays the greatest homology with monocot CCD7 proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of wheat <i>CCD7-B</i> proteins indicated division into dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous clades. Allelic variation analysis of <i>CCD7-B</i> via <i>Srg</i>AI enzyme digestion (a marker of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences) suggested that 262 Chinese wheat micro-core collections and 121 Chinese wheat major cultivars from the Yellow and Huai River Valley winter wheat region can be divided into two groups: <i>CCD7-B1</i> (C/T/T) and <i>CCD7-B2</i> (G/C/A). <i>CCD7-B1</i> showed better allelic variation than did <i>CCD7-B2</i> for increasing the number of effective tillers of wheat varieties in China. This study provides reference data for the application of <i>CCD7-B</i> alleles to wheat breeding and supports further research regarding the mechanism of tillering in common wheat.
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