Quality Variation of the Moldovan <i>Origanum vulgare</i> L. ssp. <i>vulgare</i> L. and <i>Origanum vulgare</i> L. ssp. <i>hirtum</i> (Link) Ietsw. Varieties in Drought Conditions
Maria Gonceariuc | Mircea Valentin Muntean | Violeta Butnaraş | Marcel Matei Duda | Anna Benea | Tamara Jelezneac | Zinaida Vornicu | Ludmila Cotelea | Pantelimon Botnarenco
In this paper, we have comparatively analyzed two subspecies of <i>Origanum vulgare</i> (<i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>hirtum</i> and <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>vulgare</i>) in climatic conditions with higher than usual temperatures from the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection Chisinau, Rep. Moldova. The aim of the research was to study the producing capacity, content, composition of essential oil, as well as the polyphenols content in <i>O. vulgare</i> varieties, their drought testing and the selection of promising cultivars. Seven <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>vulgare</i> (Ov) varieties and fourteen <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>hirtum</i> (Oh) varieties were used as the biological material. The essential oil (EO) separated by hydrodistillation was analyzed by GC-MS techniques. The polyphenolic content was assessed using spectrophotometric techniques. The presence of a direct correlation between the content, production of essential oil and content of polyphenols has been highlighted. Thus, the varieties of <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>hirtum</i> demonstrate a higher content of essential oil than the varieties of <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>vulgare</i>, while the polyphenol content, on the other hand, is higher for the varieties of <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>vulgare</i> than for those of <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>hirtum</i>. This research has resulted in the selection of two varieties, i.e., “Savoare” of <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>hirtum</i> and “Panacea” of <i>O. vulgare</i> ssp. <i>vulgare</i>.
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