The Effects of Different Planting and Pruning Systems on Earliness in Open Field and Greenhouse Fruit Growing
Songül ÇÖMLEKÇİOĞLU | Burhanettin İMRAK
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different planting and pruning systems on earliness, fruit quality, and some photosynthetic parameters in Mikado (apricot), Patagonia (nectarine), Papaz (plum), and Laurenne (almond) varieties grown in greenhouse and open field using V (3 m x 45 cm), 4 Quad V (3 m x 2.5 m), and Spindel (3 m x 1 m) pruning systems. It was determined that varieties grown in greenhouse were, on average, 7 days earlier than those grown in the open field in terms of phenological stages. Papaz, Mikado, and Patagonia varieties were harvested 8 days earlier in greenhouse compared to the open field, while Laurenne variety was harvested 6 days earlier. It was determined that pruning systems and planting distances had no effect on harvest time. In general, the highest values for characteristics such as fruit weight, fruit width, and fruit length were obtained from plants grown in the 4 Quad V system and in the open field. In the Papaz variety pruned in a 4 Quad V system in the greenhouse, the highest values for fruit skin color were found to be b (43.05) and C (43.80). In the photosynthetic measurements, stomatal conductivity was measured between 296.53-894.35 mmol m-2 s-1, SPAD value between 25.1-39.4 µmol m2, PSII value between 0.56-0.71 Fv’/Fm’ in the open field; stomatal conductivity was measured between 326.62-1068.61 mmol m-2 s-1, SPAD value between 28.4-45.2 µmol m2, PSII value between 0.62-0.74 Fv’/Fm’ in the greenhouse. While V and Spindle pruning systems are recommended for all varieties in greenhouse cultivation due to their suitability for dense planting, the 4 Quad V system is recommended for open field cultivation.
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