The study of starting material of pea collection in Nizhny Novgorod region
S. V. Ponomareva
To solve the problem of vegetable protein deficiency in the agricultural production of the Nizhny Novgorod region, the most promising was and is the cultivation of legumes including peas. The great role belongs to varieties of peas which combine high potential productivity and quality with resistance to adverse environmental factors. In the FSBSI Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture in 2014-2016 135 collectible varieties of peas of domestic and foreign selection were studied. The study was carried out in the area of “risk agriculture” characterized by sudden drops in the weather during the vegetation period. The analysis of productivity, quality and size of pea seeds of different morphotypes was carried out. Differences in the yield of leaf and leafless pea types were marked: more grain yield, 516- 626g/m2, was obtained from leaf varieties Solame ( Denmark) and Aist (Russia). At the same time, regardless of the direction of cultivation, varieties with crumbling seeds (Albumen, Kaban, Luchezarny, Aist, Verkholuzskaya (Russia), Solame (Denmark) were more productive - 444-626g/m2, than the ones resistant to crumbling - 360-418 g/m2 (Orlovchanin, Chishminsky 95, Progress, Nikolka, Krasivy, Chibis (Russia), Aina (Latvia)). The assessment of pea resistance to lodging is given. The correlation dependence of the studied features with the yield of seeds is established. The productivity of grain of plants was more affected by the weight of 1000 grains and vegetation period. The sources with high protein content in pea seeds (27.3-29.6%) are identified. These are Albumen, Flamingo, Aist, Ukaz, Verkholuzskaya (Russia), Vitra (Latvia), Fioletova (Poland).
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