Improving Nutrients Uptake and Productivity of Stressed Olive Trees with Mono-Ammonium Phosphate and Urea Phosphate Application
Hamdy A. Z. Hussein | Ahmed A. M. Awad | Hamada R. Beheiry
Nutritional status improvement is a surrogate approach to overcoming undesirable soil conditions. This study was performed in sandy clay loam soil that was characterized by certain undesirable parameters (ECe = 6.4 vs. 7.2 dS m<sup>−1</sup>, CaCO<sub>3</sub> = 8.8 vs. 9.2%, and pH = 7.78 vs. 7.89) on olive (<i>Olea europaea</i>, Arbequina cv.) in the 2020 and 2021 seasons to investigate the influence of two highly soluble phosphorus fertilizers, mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) and urea phosphate (UP). The treatments included 0.336, 0.445, and 0.555 kg tree<sup>−1</sup> for MAP<sub>1</sub>, MAP<sub>2</sub>, and MAP<sub>3</sub> and 0.465, 0.616, and 0.770 kg tree<sup>−1</sup> for UP<sub>1</sub>, UP<sub>2</sub>, and UP<sub>3</sub>, respectively, in comparison to granular calcium super-phosphate (GCSP) at the recommended rate (0.272 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> equal 1.75 kg tree<sup>−1</sup>). This experiment was established according to a randomized complete block design. Generally, our results indicated that both MAP and UP applications surpassed GCSP for all studied parameters except leaf copper uptake in the 2021 season. Moreover, among the HSPFs applied, it was found that applying the maximum levels gave the best results. However, MAP<sub>3</sub> gave the maximum values for shoot length, SPAD reading, and dry fruit matter. Moreover, UP<sub>3</sub> produced the best results for the leaf area, olive tree yield, total olive yield, total fresh weight, flesh weight (FlW), fruit length (FrL), and leaf Fe content in both seasons.
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