Environment-Friendly Control Potential of Two Citrus Essential Oils against <i>Aphis punicae</i> and <i>Aphis illinoisensis</i> (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Saqer S. Alotaibi | Hadeer Darwish | Ahmed K. Alzahrani | Sarah Alharthi | Akram S. Alghamdi | Amal M. Al-Barty | Mona Helal | Amal Maghrabi | Alaa Baazeem | Hala A. Alamari | Ahmed Noureldeen
Aphids are serious pests of a wide range of agricultural crops, including pomegranates and grapevines. In addition, due to the negative environmental impacts of chemical insecticides, these pests are developing important resistance against aphicides. Therefore, one alternative method to control aphids is the use of essential oils (EO). The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of <i>Citrus aurantium</i> and <i>C. reticulata</i> peel EO at different concentrations and with different exposure periods to pomegranate and grapevine aphids, <i>Aphis punicae</i> and <i>A. illinoisensis</i> via the topical application method under laboratory conditions. The results reveal that <i>C. aurantium</i> L. EO had greater toxicity against pomegranate and grapevine aphids, with LC<sub>50</sub> of 0.37 and 0.82 μL/mL, respectively, at 48 h after application. The highest repellence effect was estimated for <i>C. aurantium</i> EO, at 2.5 μL/cm<sup>2</sup>, on <i>A. punicae</i>, with a value of 100% after an exposure time of 3 h, in contrast to the 88% repellence estimated for <i>A. illinoisensis</i>. The GC-MS investigation of both essential oils identified limonene, 3-carene, pinene, and p-cymene as active substances that could be attributed to the effects observed. Overall, our results offer a potential tool to control the two aphid species and could help in the development of integrated insect management in pomegranate and grapevine fields.
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