Distribution of Root-Lesion and Stunt Nematodes, and Their Relationship with Soil Properties and Nematode Fauna in Sugarcane Fields in Okinawa, Japan
Masanori Kawanobe | Soh Sugihara | Naoko Miyamaru | Koichi Yoshida | Eito Nonomura | Hiroaki Oshiro | Koki Toyota
Sugarcane cultivation in Japan has not yet focused on suppressing plant-parasitic nematodes. For proper nematode management, it is essential to know the spatial distribution of economically important plant-parasitic nematodes and free-living nematodes that play important roles in terrestrial ecosystems. We aimed to reveal nematode fauna and soil properties in 85 sugarcane fields of three major sugarcane producing islands in Japan, and to examine their relationship by using the mixed-effect model and by visualizing the spatial distributions using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) approach. The nematode community structures were analyzed by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Among plant-parasitic nematodes in sugarcane, the root-lesion nematodes (<i>Pratylenchus</i> sp.) and the stunt nematodes (<i>Tylenchorhynchus</i> sp.) were widely distributed in these islands, yet the abundance and the species varied geospatially. Soil pH was significantly correlated with the abundance of <i>Pratylenchus</i> and <i>Tylenchorhynchus</i> species. The abundance of <i>Pratylenchus</i> and <i>Tylenchorhynchus</i> species were significantly correlated with soil pH. The abundance of <i>Pratylenchus</i> was significantly correlated with the abundance of free-living nematodes, the number of free-living nematode species, and exchangeable cation K<sup>+</sup>, as were the abundance of <i>Tylenchorhynchus</i> to the clay content and that of non-<i>Tylenchorhynchus</i>. This study also revealed that the three islands had different nematode faunas, which were explained especially by soil pH, texture, and exchangeable basic cations.
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