Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on Photosynthetic Pigment Content and Mineral Uptake in Pineapple Seedlings Grown In Vitro under Aluminum Stress
José Jesús Tejada-Alvarado | Jegnes Benjamín Meléndez-Mori | Rosmery Y. Ayala-Tocto | Malluri Goñas | Manuel Oliva
The presence of toxic metals such as aluminum is described as a factor that could lead to a significant decrease in crop productivity, particularly for the cultivation of acidophilic plants. In the present study, in vitro cultivation of pineapple was used as a model to evaluate the role of silver nanoparticles (0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 g L<sup>−1</sup> Ag NPs) against the negative effects of aluminum (0, 100, 300, and 500 μM AlCl<sub>3</sub>). The results showed that the presence of 0.025 g L<sup>−1</sup> Ag NPs stimulated a higher concentration of photosynthetic pigments “a”, “b”, “a + b” and carotenoids in treatments with high levels of AlCl<sub>3</sub>. The application of Ag NPs allowed better shoot formation, improved chlorophyll a/b, and total/carotenoid ratios, as well as better levels of proline biosynthesis in response to stress. The synergistic interaction of Ag NPs and AlCl<sub>3</sub> increased the availability and assimilation of mineral elements (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) while decreasing Al translocation. In conclusion, the implementation and validation of Ag NPs in agricultural fields would be revolutionary because they represent a novel alternative for overcoming the limitations imposed by the presence of Al.
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