EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON THE METABOLIC PATHWAY AND SURVIVAL OF TWO GRAPE (VITIS VINIFERA L.) CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS
Waad Faizy | Ammar Kassab Bashi | Rafail Toma
The study aimed to harden two grape cultivars, Superior and Red globe shoots grown in vitro by adding different PEG concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 g L-1) to the growth medium (MS + 2 mg L-1 BA) for inducing in vitro drought stress. Biochemical compounds directly impacted by drought were assessed 30 days after planting to determine the modifications of their metabolic pathways to adapt to the drought and shoots survived. Compared to the control treatment, the addition of PEG resulted in a significant increase in the antioxidants produced in the explant (anthocyanin, proline, total sugars, and catalase enzyme) as well as a significant decrease in the explant content of malondialdehyde and chlorophyll. The results also demonstrated that the cultivars differed significantly in all the studied traits. Likewise, the interaction coefficients between the cultivars and the added PEG concentrations achieved significant differences from the control for each cultivar separately. The largest anthocyanin concentration for the Red globe and Superior cultivars (24.46 and 13.30 mg 100 g-1) proline (25.08 and 20.75 mmol g-1), respectively, obtained from shoots growing in media supplied with 20 g l-1 PEG While the most significant percentage of total sugars (11.17 and 10.58%), respectively, were obtained from shoots grown in media content 40 gm L-1 PEG, While the highest catalase enzyme concentration for the two cultivars Red globe and Superior (9.01 and 8.21 units mg-1) and was obtained from shoots grown in the presence of 40 and 20 g l-1 PEG, respectively.
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