Influence of Bradyrhizobium Strains on Peanut Advanced Breeding Lines (Arachis hypogaea L.) Yield in North Cameroon
Ngueguim, M. | Mekontchou, T. | Pobou, F.
Peanut yields may be reduced due to early season nitrogen deficiency. A study was conducted in 1994 and 1995 at two locations (Guiring and Guetale), the peanut belt of Cameroon, to investigate the use of Bradyrhizobium strains to improve the nitrogen use by selected peanut advanced breeding lines. Thirty treatments were arranged in a 5 x 6 factorial and grown in a randomized complete block with four replications in 1994 and three in 1995. The treatments were a factorial set of five peanuts lines tested with four introduced inoculants, one local strain and the nitrogen treatment. Results over locations and years showed significant differences among strains for plant stand and seed weight, and among peanut lines for all traits except days to flowering. Genotypes CGS- 269 (1.225 t/ha) and CGS-1272 (1.032 t/ha) had the best average yields for the locations tested. The strain x host interaction was significant for plant stand, pod length and pod yield. The environment x strain x host interaction was also significant for haulm yield. Strain NC92 (-) (45.2 plants/7 m2) produced higher plant stands than nitrogen treatment (40.3 plants/7 m2) or indigenous strain (41 plants/7 m2), but was not significantly superior to other strains. Strain NC92 (+) performed poorly for seed weight. The combination of peanut line CGS-1272/NC-120 and CGS-383/NC92(+) produced the highest means for pod length (58.2 cm). Genotype CGS-269 with strain NC-120 produced the highest pod yield (1.483 t/ha). Although the strain x host interaction was not significant for haulm yield, there was a good performance of line CGS-1272 with 3G4B20 and NC92 (+) which outyielded the indigenous/CGS-1272 combination by 20.3% and 17.8%, respectively.
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