TO THE 125TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF N.A. BERNSTEIN: NEW KNOWLEDGE IN THE THEORY OF CONSTRUCTION OF MOVEMENTS
Rinat M. Gimazov
In the middle of the twentieth century, Nikolai Alexandrovich Bernstein proposed the author’s concept of building movements in humans. However, this knowledge has not found practical application. The reasons were, firstly, the researchers’ guidance of the scientific position, taken as an axiom that each level of the nervous system has its own class of movements. Secondly, this is the absence of the concept of the goal of motor actions in the theory of movement construction. Purpose. To present new knowledge in the theory of the construction of movements humans. Methods. Generalization of the results of own research in the period from 2011 to 2021 on the study of the provisions of the theory and practice of building movements in humans. Results. New knowledge about the theory of the construction of movements for their practical application in human motor learning was obtained: 1 – in the separation of the concept of the goal of motor actions as a separate system-forming factor in the formation of functional systems in the motor function of a person; 2 – the process of building movements in motor action is the formation of functional systems at each neurological level; 3 – the process of building motor action passes through all levels of the nervous system; 4 – In relation to human motor learning, the characteristic of “dexterity” is necessary for us to assess the effectiveness of the process of building the required movements by the nervous system to achieve the goal of motor action.
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