Study on the presence of extracellular enzymes in culture of endophytic fungi isolated from the euphorbia esula L. and chenopodium album L.

Background Enzymes are noble metabolites which extensively utilize in different industries. Currently, the production of enzymes by microorganisms is one of the best and most effective methods for the production of these enzymes. Hydrolytic enzymes are one of the most important enzymes that produced by various microorganisms, including endophytes.   Materials and methods In order to investigate the presence of endophytic fungi from two plants Euphorbia esula L. and Chenopodium album L, in summer of 1395, six different plants parts including flowers, leaves, seeds, roots, crowns and stems were sampled from healthy plants in Hamadan province. After fungal purification, the presence of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, catalase, protease, cellulase, pectinase, and xylanase were investigated by adding the corresponding substrate in the endophytic fungal culture medium.   Results After sterilizing the surface of collected plants and transferring samples to Potato Dextrose Agar culture media, a total of 31 endophytic fungi were isolated. The results showed that 84% of fungal isolates had amylase, 81% catalase, 71% protease, 61% cellulase, 39% pectinase and 26% xylanase activity. Morphological studies of the isolated fungi showed that some them belongs to the Fusarium, Alternaria and Trichoderma spp.   Conclusion The results obtained in this study showed that endophytic fungi isolated from Euphorbia esula L. and Chenopodium album L, plants are capable of in vitro production of various enzymes. Among them, the presence of important enzymes like cellulase, pectinase and protease in some isolates, emphasis the significance of results. Based on the vast application and magnitudes of these enzymes in different industries, the importance of these fungi and demands for more experiments on enzyme activity arespecified.