SELECTED ASPECTS OF NITROGEN METABOLISM AND QUALITY OF FIELD-GROWN LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa L.) DEPENDING ON THE DIVERSIFIED FERTILIZATION WITH IODINE AND SELENIUM COMPOUNDS
Sylwester Smoleń | Łukasz Skoczylas | Roksana Rakoczy | Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń | Marta Liszka-Skoczylas | Aneta Kopeć | Ewa Piątkowska | Renata Bieżanowska-Kopeć | Mirosław Pysz | Aneta Koronowicz | Joanna Kapusta-Duch | Włodzimierz Sady
Iodine and selenium together fulfill important functional roles in organisms of humans and animals. Conducting simultaneous biofortification (enrichment) of plants with these elements is justified as combined endemic deficiency of I and Se (hidden hunger) is often encountered. Relatively little is known about the interaction between I and Se in plants, not only with respect to their accumulative efficiency, but also its influence on mineral nutrition or biological quality of crop. The study (conducted in 2012–2014) in-cluded soil fertilization of lettuce cv. ‘Valeska’ with I and Se in the following combina-tions: control, KI, KIO3, Na2SeO4, Na2SeO3, KI + Na2SeO4, KIO3 + Na2SeO4, KI + Na2SeO3, KIO3 + Na2SeO3. Iodine and selenium were applied twice: before sowing and as a top-dressing (each of 2.5 kg I·ha-1 + 0.5 kg Se·ha-1) – a total dose of 5 kg I·ha-1 and 1 kg Se·ha-1 was used. Diversified weather conditions significantly modified the impact fertilization with I and Se had on tested aspects of nitrogen metabolism and biological quality of lettuce – except for the lettuce heads mass and the sucrose content. Based on the results concerning average lettuce weight as well as the level of sugars, phenolic com-pounds, phenylpropanoids, flavonols and antioxidizing activity it was concluded that the application of Na2SeO4 alone or together with iodine acted as a stress factor for cultivated plants.
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