<i>Pythium banihashemianum sp. nov.</i> and <i>Globisporangium izadpanahii sp. nov.</i>: Two New Oomycete Species from Rice Paddies in Iran
Fatemeh Salmaninezhad | Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa | Santa Olga Cacciola
An investigation into oomycete diversity in rice paddies of Fars Province in Iran led to the identification of two new <i>Pythium sensu lato</i> (<i>s.l.</i>) species as <i>Globisporangium izadpanahii sp. nov.</i> and <i>Pythium banihashemianum sp. nov.</i> The identification was based on morphological and physiological features as well as on the phylogenetic analysis of nuclear (ITS and <i>βtub</i>) and mitochondrial (<i>cox</i>1 and <i>cox</i>2) loci using Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood. The present paper formally describes these two new species and defines their phylogenetic relationships with other congeneric species. According to multiple gene genealogy analysis, <i>G. izadpanahii sp. nov.</i> was grouped with other species of <i>Globisporangium</i> (formerly, clade G of <i>Pythium s.l.</i>) and was closely related to both <i>G. nagaii</i> and the recently described <i>G. coniferarum.</i> The second species, designated <i>P. banihashemianum sp. nov.</i>, was grouped with other species of <i>Pythium sensu stricto</i> (formerly, clade B of <i>Pythium s.l.</i>) and, according to the phylogenetic analysis, shared an ancestor with <i>P. plurisporium.</i> The production of globose hyphal swellings was a major characteristic of <i>G. izadpanahii sp. nov.</i>, which did not produce vesicles and zoospores. In pathogenicity tests on rice seedlings, <i>P. banihashemianum sp. nov.</i> isolates were highly pathogenic and caused severe root and crown rot, while <i>G. izadpanahii sp. nov.</i> isolates were not pathogenic.
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