Antifungal Activity and Biocontrol Potential of <i>Simplicillium lamellicola</i> JC-1 against Multiple Fungal Pathogens of Oilseed Rape
Wenting Li | Tao Luo | Juncheng Li | Jing Zhang | Mingde Wu | Long Yang | Guoqing Li
A fungal strain (JC-1) of <i>Simplicillium</i> was isolated from a pod of oilseed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i>) infested with the blackleg pathogen <i>Leptosphaeria biglobosa</i>. This study was done to clarify its taxonomic identity using morphological and molecular approaches, to characterize its antifungal activity through bioassays and genome-based identification of antifungal metabolites, and to determine its efficacy in inducing systemic resistance (ISR) in oilseed rape. The results showed that JC-1 belongs to <i>Simplicillium lamellicola.</i> It displayed a strong antagonistic relationship with <i>L. biglobosa</i>, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> (gray mold) and <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (stem rot). The cultural filtrates of JC-1 showed a high efficacy in suppressing infection by <i>S. sclerotiorum</i> on detached leaves of oilseed rape. Genome analysis indicated that JC-1 has the capability of producing multiple antifungal metabolites, including aureobasidin A1, squalestatin S1 and verlamelin. Inoculation of JC-1 on seeds of oilseed rape caused a suppressive effect on infection by <i>L. biglobosa</i> on the cotyledons of the resulting seedlings, suggesting that JC-1 can trigger ISR. Endophytic growth, accumulation of anthocyanins, up-regulated expression of <i>CHI</i> (for chalcone isomerase) and <i>PR1</i> (for pathogenesis-related protein 1), and down-regulated expression of <i>NECD3</i> (for 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase) were detected to be associated with the ISR. This study provided new insights into the biocontrol potential and modes of action of <i>S. lamellicola</i>.
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