Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Marine Cyanolichen <i>Lichina pygmaea</i> Volatile Compounds
Hiba Sanad | Zahira Belattmania | Ahmed Nafis | Meryem Hassouani | Noureddine Mazoir | Abdeltif Reani | Lahcen Hassani | Vitor Vasconcelos | Brahim Sabour
Volatile compounds from the marine cyanolichen <i>Lichina pygmaea</i>, collected from the Moroccan Atlantic coast, were extracted by hydrodistillation and their putative chemical composition was investigated by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Based on the obtained results, <i>Lichina pygmaea</i> volatile compounds (LPVCs) were mainly dominated by sesquiterpenes compounds, where <i>γ</i>-himachalene, <i>β</i>-himachalene, (<i>2E,4E</i>)-2,4 decadienal and <i>α</i>-himachalene were assumed to be the most abundant constituents, with percentage of 37.51%, 11.71%, 8.59% and 7.62%, respectively. LPVCs depicted significant antimicrobial activity against all tested strains (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> CCMM B3, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> DSM 50090, <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 8739 and <i>Candida albicans</i> CCMM-L4) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values within the range of 1.69–13.5 mg/mL. Moreover, this LPVC showed interesting scavenging effects on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.21 mg/mL. LPVCs could be an approving resource with moderate antimicrobial potential and interesting antioxidant activity for cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications.
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