Characterization of Novel Selected Microalgae for Antioxidant Activity and Polyphenols, Amino Acids, and Carbohydrates
Paula Santiago-Díaz | Argimiro Rivero | Milagros Rico | Juan Luis Gómez-Pinchetti
The biochemical composition of three novel selected microalgae strains (Chlorophyta) was evaluated to confirm their potential possibilities as new sustainably produced biomass with nutritional, functional, and/or biomedical properties. Extracts from cultured <i>Pseudopediastrum boryanum</i>, <i>Chloromonas cf. reticulata</i>, and <i>Chloroidium saccharophilum</i> exhibited higher radical scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) when compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), but lower than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Total phenolic compounds and amino acids were determined by newly developed RP-HPLC methods. Total phenolic contents, as µg g<sup>−1</sup> of dry biomass, reached 27.1 for <i>C. cf. reticulata</i>, 26.4 for <i>P. boryanum</i>, and 55.8 for <i>C. saccharophilum</i>. Percentages of total analysed amino acids were 24.3, 32.1, and 18.5% of dry biomass, respectively, presenting high values for essential amino acids reaching 54.1, 72.6, and 61.2%, respectively. Glutamic acid was the most abundant free amino acid in all microalgae samples, followed by proline and lysine in <i>C. saccharophilum</i> and <i>P. boryanum</i>, and methionine and lysine in <i>C. reticulata</i>. Soluble carbohydrates in aqueous extracts ranged from 39.6 for <i>C. saccharophilum</i> to 49.3% for <i>C. reticulata</i>, increasing values to 45.1 for <i>C. saccharophilum</i> and 52.7% for <i>P. boryanum</i> in acid hydrolysates of dried biomass. Results confirmed the potential possibilities of these microalgae strains.
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