Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Taxonomy of <i>Hypoxylon</i> (Hypoxylaceae, Ascomycota) from China
Haixia Ma | Zikun Song | Xiaoyan Pan | Yu Li | Zhanen Yang | Zhi Qu
The <i>Hypoxylon</i> species play an important ecological role in tropical rainforest as wood-decomposers, and some might have benefical effects on their hosts as endophytes. The present work concerns a survey of the genus <i>Hypoxylon</i> from Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park of China. Four new species: <i>H. wuzhishanense</i>, <i>H. hainanense</i>, <i>H.</i><i>chrysalidosporum</i>, and <i>H.</i><i>cyclobalanopsidis</i>, were discovered based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data. <i>Hypoxylon wuzhishanense</i> is characterized by Rust pulvinate stromata, amyloid apical apparatus and brown ascospores, with most of the perispore being indehiscent in 10% KOH. <i>Hypoxylon hainanense</i> has effused–pulvinate and Violet stromata, amyloid apical apparatus, light-brown to brown ascospores with straight germ slit and dehiscent perispore. <i>Hypoxylon</i><i>chrysalidosporum</i> is distinguished by glomerate to pulvinate stromata, highly reduced or absent inamyloid apical apparatus, and light-brown to brown ascospores with very conspicuous coil-like ornamentation. <i>Hypoxylon</i><i>cyclobalanopsidis</i> has Livid Purple pulvinate stromata, highly reduced amyloid apical apparatus, faint bluing, brown ascospores and dehiscent perispore, and it grows on dead branches of <i>Cyclobalanopsis</i>. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and contrasts with morphologically similar species are provided. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS, RPB2, LSU, and β-tubulin sequences confirmed that the four new species are distinct within the genus <i>Hypoxylon</i>.
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