Detection of a Diverse Endophyte Assemblage within Fungal Communities Associated with the Arundo Leaf Miner, <i>Lasioptera donacis</i> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Marie-Claude Bon | John A. Goolsby | Guy Mercadier | Fatiha Guermache | Javid Kashefi | Massimo Cristofaro | Ann T. Vacek | Alan Kirk
The larvae of <i>Lasioptera donacis</i> Coutin feed on fungal communities lining galleries within the mesophyll of leaf sheaths of <i>Arundo donax</i> in an aggregative manner. It has been stated that <i>L. donacis</i> could have established a fundamental symbiotic relationship with one fungus, although the fungal composition of these communities remains unsettled. Using a culture-dependent approach and ITS sequencing, the present work characterizes and compares the fungal communities associated with <i>L. donacis</i> in Eurasia with the endophytes of <i>A. donax</i> in Texas where <i>L. donacis</i> is absent. The 65 cultivable isolates obtained from <i>L. donacis</i> fungal communities were sorted into 15 MOTUs, among which <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Sarocladium</i> predominated. No particular MOTU was systematically recovered from these communities regardless of the sites. The 19 isolates obtained in Texas were sorted into 11 MOTUs. <i>Sarocladium</i> and <i>Fusarium</i> were commonly found in Texas and Eurasia. Our finding indicate that the communities were composed of a diverse assemblage of non-systemic endophytes, rather than an exclusive fungal symbiont. From ovipositors and ovarioles of <i>L. donacis</i> emerging from plants in France, we opportunistically isolated the endophyte <i>Apiospora arundinis</i>, which lies at the origin of further research pertaining to its role in the feeding and oviposition of <i>L. donacis.</i>
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