Cinnamaldehyde Decreases the Pathogenesis of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> by Inhibiting Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation
Shengping Li | Shun Zhou | Qiuhong Yang | Yongtao Liu | Yibin Yang | Ning Xu | Xiaohui Ai | Jing Dong
Antibiotics were the main fishery drugs for treating <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> (<i>A. hydrophila</i>) infection, which would generate selective pressure and result in the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The bacterial quorum sensing (QS) system provides a new alternative strategy against <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection. QS inhibitors can reduce bacterial virulence behaviors by disrupting QS, which has no effect on bacterial growth. Therefore, we studied the effect of cinnamaldehyde from a natural plant extract on the QS of <i>A. hydrophila</i> aiming to reduce its pathogenicity. The efficacy of cinnamaldehyde against <i>A. hydrophila</i> was evaluated from various aspects, including the effects on aerolysin, lipase, protease, swarming motility, biofilm formation, acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), and QS-related genes. Moreover, the therapeutic effect of cinnamaldehyde in vitro and in vivo was studied. The results showed that cinnamaldehyde could decrease the virulence phenotypes of <i>A. hydrophila</i> regulated by QS. Moreover, the transcriptions of related genes (<i>aerA</i>, <i>ahyR</i>, and <i>ahyI</i>) were downregulated following the addition of cinnamaldehyde. The in vitro and in vivo therapeutic assays show that cinnamaldehyde could reduce the aerolysin-mediated A549 cell injury and increase the survival rate of crucian carp infected with <i>A. hydrophila</i>. These results indicate that cinnamaldehyde would be a candidate QS inhibitor against <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection.
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