Phytochemical Analysis of the Methanolic Extract and Essential Oil from Leaves of Industrial Hemp <i>Futura 75</i> Cultivar: Isolation of a New Cannabinoid Derivative and Biological Profile Using Computational Approaches
Simona De Vita | Claudia Finamore | Maria Giovanna Chini | Gabriella Saviano | Vincenzo De Felice | Simona De Marino | Gianluigi Lauro | Agostino Casapullo | Francesca Fantasma | Federico Trombetta | Giuseppe Bifulco | Maria Iorizzi
<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. is a plant belonging to the Cannabaceae family, cultivated for its psychoactive cannabinoid (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) concentration or for its fiber and nutrient content in industrial use. Industrial hemp shows a low Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC level and is a valuable source of phytochemicals, mainly represented by cannabinoids, flavones, terpenes, and alkaloids, with health-promoting effects. In the present study, we investigated the phytochemical composition of leaves of the industrial hemp cultivar <i>Futura 75</i>, a monoecious cultivar commercially used for food preparations or cosmetic purposes. Leaves are generally discarded, and represent waste products. We analyzed the methanol extract of <i>Futura 75</i> leaves by HPLC and NMR spectroscopy and the essential oil by GC-MS. In addition, in order to compare the chemical constituents, we prepared the water infusion. One new cannabinoid derivative (<b>1</b>) and seven known components, namely, cannabidiol (<b>2</b>), cannabidiolic acid (<b>3</b>), β-cannabispirol (<b>4</b>), β-cannabispirol (<b>5</b>), canniprene (<b>6</b>), cannabiripsol (<b>7</b>), and cannflavin B (<b>8</b>) were identified. The content of CBD was highest in all preparations. In addition, we present the outcomes of a computational study focused on elucidating the role of 2α-hydroxy-Δ<sup>3,7</sup>-cannabitriol (<b>1</b>), CBD (<b>2</b>), and CBDA (<b>3</b>) in inflammation and thrombogenesis.
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