Overexpression of <i>pPLAIIIγ</i> in Arabidopsis Reduced Xylem Lignification of Stem by Regulating Peroxidases
Jin Hoon Jang | Hae Seong Seo | Ok Ran Lee
Patatin-related phospholipases A (<i>pPLAs</i>) are a group of plant-specific acyl lipid hydrolases that share less homology with phospholipases than that observed in other organisms. Out of the three known subfamilies (<i>pPLAI</i>, <i>pPLAII</i>, and <i>pPLAIII</i>), the <i>pPLAIII</i> member of genes is particularly known for modifying the cell wall structure, resulting in less lignin content. Overexpression of <i>pPLAIII</i><i>α</i> and ginseng-derived <i>Pg</i><i>pPLAIIIβ</i> in Arabidopsis and hybrid poplar was reported to reduce the lignin content. Lignin is a complex racemic phenolic heteropolymer that forms the key structural material supporting most of the tissues in plants and plays an important role in the adaptive strategies of vascular plants. However, lignin exerts a negative impact on the utilization of plant biomass in the paper and pulp industry, forage digestibility, textile industry, and production of biofuel. Therefore, the overexpression of <i>p</i><i>PLAIII</i><i>γ</i> in Arabidopsis was analyzed in this study. This overexpression led to the formation of dwarf plants with altered anisotropic growth and reduced lignification of the stem. Transcript levels of lignin biosynthesis-related genes, as well as lignin-specific transcription factors, decreased. Peroxidase-mediated oxidation of monolignols occurs in the final stage of lignin polymerization. Two secondary cell wall-specific peroxidases were downregulated following lowered H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> levels, which suggests a functional role of peroxidase in the reduction of lignification by <i>p</i><i>PLAIII</i><i>γ</i> when overexpressed in Arabidopsis.
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