Different Drought-Tolerant Mechanisms in Quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd.) and Djulis (<i>Chenopodium formosanum</i> Koidz.) Based on Physiological Analysis
Pin-Hua Lin | Yun-Yang Chao
The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of treatment with 90% (28.5% volumetric water content (VWC)), 75% (24% VWC), 50% (16% VWC), and 25% (8% VWC) of water requirements on the growth of two djulis (<i>Chenopodium formosana</i> Koidz) varieties (red: RP and yellow: OR) and one quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd) varieties (PI). The results showed that drought stress (8% VWC) significantly reduced plant growth and relative water content, and increased H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA content in <i>C. formosana</i> and <i>C. quinoa</i>. The most significant increase in these parameters was detected in the OR variety. The antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, APX, and GR activities of PI variety under drought treatment (8% VWC), are significantly increased, while GR activity of <i>C. formosana</i> also increased significantly. Additionally, <i>C. formosana</i> and PI variety remained at a stable AsA/DHA ratio, but the GSH/GSSG ratio decreased during drought treatment. Moreover, drought stress increased total soluble sugars and proline content in the PI variety. However, <i>C. formosana</i> proline content was extremely significantly enhanced, and only the OR variety increased the total soluble sugar content at the same time during the vegetative growth period. In summary, <i>C. formosana</i> and <i>C. quinoa</i> have different drought tolerance mechanisms to adapt to being cultivated and produced under severe drought conditions.
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