Study of the Properties of In Vitro <i>Dactylorhiza maculata</i> (L.) Soó (Family <i>Orchidaceae</i>) Extracts

The medicinal plant <i>Dactylorhiza maculata</i> (L.) Soó (family <i>Orchidaceae</i>) is used to treat gastritis, colic, gastrointestinal tract, and bladder diseases. This study aimed to investigate the properties and characteristics of the in vitro <i>Dactylorhiza maculata</i> extract. The recommended parameters for producing <i>Dactylorhiza maculata</i> extract were determined: temperature 60 °C, process duration 60 min, hydro module 1:10. It is recommended to carry out the extraction using an aqueous ethyl alcohol solution with a mass fraction of the parent substance of 70%. It was found that such biologically active substances as rutin, quercetin, 3,3′,4′,5,5′,7-hexahydroxyflavonone, 3,3′,4′,5,5′,7-hexahydroxyflavonone-3-<i>O</i>-glycoside, gallic acid, and ferulic acid were dominant in <i>Dactylorhiza maculata.</i> A high phosphorus content was noted (2410.8 mg/kg dry matter). The studied <i>Dactylorhiza</i><i>maculata</i> samples contained a large number of organic acids and water-soluble vitamins. The tested extracts were safe in terms of the content of heavy metals, pesticides, aflatoxin B1, and radionuclides, as well as pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms; the content was significantly lower than the threshold limit values. The studied complex of biologically active substances from <i>Dactylorhiza maculata</i> extract samples had antimicrobial properties. It was found that the antioxidant activity of the samples was 217.89 ± 10.89 mg AA/g (AA—ascorbic acid). The high content of bioactive substances and the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of <i>Dactylorhiza</i><i>maculata</i> extract samples determine the application potential of this plant as a substitute for growth stimulants and feed antibiotics in the production of feed additives, aiming to increase the physiological and immune status of livestock and poultry.