Morpho-Physiological and Molecular Evaluation of Drought and Recovery in <i>Impatiens walleriana</i> Grown Ex Vitro
Marija Đurić | Angelina Subotić | Ljiljana Prokić | Milana Trifunović-Momčilov | Aleksandar Cingel | Milorad Vujičić | Snežana Milošević
This study was carried out to examine the drought effect on development, physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters in <i>Impatiens walleriana</i> grown ex vitro. Experiment design included three treatments: Control plants—grown under optimal watering (35%–37% of soil moisture content), drought-stressed plants—non-irrigated to reach 15% and 5% of soil moisture content and recovery plants—rehydrated for four days to reach optimal soil moisture content. Drought reduced fresh weight, total leaf area, as well as dry weight of <i>I. walleriana</i> shoots. Drought up-regulated expression of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis genes <i>9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 4</i> (<i>NCED4</i>) and <i>abscisic aldehyde oxidase 2</i> (<i>AAO2</i>) and catabolic gene <i>ABA 8′-hydroxylase 3</i> (<i>ABA8ox3</i>) which was followed by increased ABA content in the leaves. Decrement in water potential of shoots during the drought was not accompanied with increased amino acid proline content. We detected an increase in chlorophyll, carotenoid, total polyphenols and flavonols content under drought conditions, as well as malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and DPPH (1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) activity. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) throughout drought were also determined. Recovery treatment was significant for neutralizing drought effect on growth parameters, shoot water potential, proline content and genes expression.
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