Production of Flavonoids in Callus Cultures of <i>Sophora flavescens</i> Aiton
Ji-Sun Park | Zuh-Kyung Seong | Mi-Sun Kim | Jang-Ho Ha | Ki-Beom Moon | Hyo-Jun Lee | Hyeong-Kyu Lee | Jae-Heung Jeon | Sang Un Park | Hyun-Soon Kim
Flavonoids, including maackiain (Maac) from <i>Sophora flavescens</i> Aiton roots, have many pharmacological properties, such as antitumor, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. This research aimed to develop an in vitro plant and callus culture system for <i>S. flavescens</i> for the purpose of generating an alternative production system for enhancing Maac production, as Maac is usually present in very small amounts in <i>S. flavescens’</i> roots. We arranged the optimal conditions of different tissues of <i>S. flavescens</i> and supplemented the medium with various plant growth regulators (PGRs). The highest induction and proliferation rates of callus was shown in combination treatments of all concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and picloram. In addition, calli induced with leaf explants cultured on 2.0 mg/L picloram and 0.5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium had the highest accumulation of the active metabolite Maac. In vitro shoots were regenerated on medium containing combinations of TDZ and α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). A reliable protocol for the mass production of secondary metabolites using a callus culture of <i>S. flavescens</i> was successfully established.
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