<i>Silene uniflora</i> Extracts for Strawberry Postharvest Protection
Laura Buzón-Durán | Eva Sánchez-Hernández | Pablo Martín-Ramos | Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia | Mari Cruz García-González | Rui Oliveira | Jesús Martín-Gil
Halophytes are gaining considerable attention due to their applications in saline agriculture, phytoremediation, medicine, and secondary metabolite production. This study investigated the bioactive components present in <i>Silene uniflora</i> (sea campion) hydromethanolic extract, and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated both in vitro and ex situ against two strawberry phytopathogens, namely <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> (grey mold) and <i>Colletotrichum nymphaeae</i> (anthracnose fruit rot). The main identified phytochemicals were mome inositol, saturated fatty acid esters, and cyclotetracosane. In vitro tests demonstrated complete inhibition of the growth of <i>B. cinerea</i> and <i>C. nymphaeae</i> at extract concentrations of 1000 and 1500 μg·mL<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, with an activity comparable to that of fosetyl-Al and substantially higher than that of azoxystrobin. This activity was improved upon conjugation with chitosan oligomers (COS), yielding inhibition values of 750 and 1000 μg·mL<sup>−1</sup>. The COS-<i>S. uniflora</i> conjugate complexes were then tested as protective treatments for postharvest storage of strawberry fruit, resulting in high protection against artificially inoculated <i>B. cinerea</i> and <i>C. nymphaeae</i> at doses of 3750 and 5000 μg·mL<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The reported results open the door to the valorization of this halophyte as a source of biorationals for strawberry protection.
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