Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of ABA Biosynthesis Genes in a Desert Moss <i>Syntrichia caninervis</i>
Xiujin Liu | Xiaoshuang Li | Honglan Yang | Ruirui Yang | Daoyuan Zhang
<i>Syntrichia caninervis</i> can survive under 80–90% protoplasmic water losses, and it is a model plant in desiccation tolerance research. A previous study has revealed that <i>S. caninervis</i> would accumulate ABA under dehydration stress, while the ABA biosynthesis genes in <i>S. caninervis</i> are still unknown. This study identified one <i>ScABA1</i>, two <i>ScABA4s</i>, five <i>ScNCEDs</i>, twenty-nine <i>ScABA2s</i>, one <i>ScABA3</i>, and four <i>ScAAOs</i> genes, indicating that the ABA biosynthesis genes were complete in <i>S. caninervis</i>. Gene location analysis showed that the ABA biosynthesis genes were evenly distributed in chromosomes but were not allocated to sex chromosomes. Collinear analysis revealed that <i>ScABA1</i>, <i>ScNCED</i>, and <i>ScABA2</i> had homologous genes in <i>Physcomitrella patens</i>. RT-qPCR detection found that all of the ABA biosynthesis genes responded to abiotic stress; it further indicated that ABA plays an important role in <i>S. caninervis</i>. Moreover, the ABA biosynthesis genes in 19 representative plants were compared to study their phylogenetic and conserved motifs; the results suggested that the ABA biosynthesis genes were closely associated with plant taxa, but these genes had the same conserved domain in each plant. In contrast, there is a huge variation in the exon number between different plant taxa; it revealed that ABA biosynthesis gene structures are closely related to plant taxa. Above all, this study provides strong evidence demonstrating that ABA biosynthesis genes were conserved in the plant kingdom and deepens our understanding of the evolution of the phytohormone ABA.
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