The RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene <i>GhDIRP1</i> Negatively Regulates <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Resistance in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>)
Fenglin Miao | Wei Chen | Yunlei Zhao | Pei Zhao | Xiaohui Sang | Jianhua Lu | Hongmei Wang
Cotton is one of the world’s most important economic crops. Verticillium wilt is a devastating cotton disease caused by <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>, significantly impacting cotton yield and quality. E3 ubiquitin ligases are essential components of the ubiquitin-mediated 26S proteasome system, responsible for recognizing ubiquitinated target proteins and promoting their degradation, which play a crucial regulatory role in plant immune responses. In this study, on the basis of the confirmation of differential expression of <i>GhDIRP1</i>, a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase encoding gene, in two cotton varieties resistant (Zhongzhimian 2) or susceptible (Jimian 11) to <i>V. dahliae</i>, we demonstrated that <i>GhDIRP1</i> is a negative regulator of <i>V. dahliae</i> resistance because silencing <i>GhDIRP1</i> in cotton and heterogeneously overexpressing the gene in Arabidopsis enhanced and compromised resistance to <i>V. dahliae</i>, respectively. The <i>GhDIRP1</i>-mediated immune response seemed to be realized through multiple physiological pathways, including hormone signaling, reactive oxygen species, and lignin biosynthesis. Based on the sequences of <i>GhDIRP1</i> isolated from Zhongzhimian 2 and Jimian 11, we found that <i>GhDIRP1</i> had identical coding but different promoter sequences in the two varieties, with the promoter of Zhongzhimian 2 being more active than that of Jimian 11 because the former drove a stronger expression of GUS and LUC reporter genes. The results link the ubiquitination pathway to multiple physiological pathways acting in the cotton immune response and provide a candidate gene for breeding cotton varieties resistant to <i>V. dahliae</i>.
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