Influencing Factors of Eco-Environmental Safety of Mines and Their Green Development: A Case Study of Taoshan Coal Mine in Heilongjiang Province, China

The demand for mineral resources is continuously increasing due to the accelerated industrialization and urbanization progress. However, most mines in China have backward mining technology, enormous destruction and waste, too low recycling proportion, unstable mineral market, and low management efficiency. Thus, the eco-environmental safety of mines has various difficulties. Identifying the influencing factors of eco-environmental safety of mines, which are typical ecologically vulnerable areas, is important. The green development of mines is a clean production mode that will not generate any harmful effect on human social and natural environments and will be important to realizing sustainable development of mines. In this study, a retrospective analysis of considerable foreign literature on ecoenvironmental safety management of mines in developed countries was conducted. An index system of the influencing factors of eco-environmental safety of Taoshan Coal Mine in Heilongjiang Province, China was established. ISM model (Interpretative Structural Modeling) was used to analyze the influencing factors of eco-environmental safety, and corresponding countermeasures for critical factors were proposed. Results indicate that studies on resource development and utilization and environmental protection of mines in some developed countries, such as America, Australia, and the UK, have been considerably mature. The influencing factors in ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling) can be divided into three layers, among which the completeness of institution setting for environmental protection supervision is a factor with the most significant influence on mine eco-environmental safety. Input into eco-environmental protection and ecological protection laws and systems of mines are also important factors. The study results are important in determining the most critical influencing factors of mine eco-environmental safety, innovating the new industrial development pattern featured by conservation and intensive and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, promoting green transformation and upgrading of the mining industry, and boosting sustainable development of the mining industry and eco-environment.