Biochemical Changes Induced by Cartap Hydrochloride (50% SP), Carbamate Insecticide in Freshwater Fish Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822)
G. Vani, K. Veeraiah, M. Vijaya Kumar, Sk. Parveen and G.D.V. Prasad Rao
The freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala was exposed to Cartap hydrochloride (50% SP) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The LC 50 values were found to be 0.436, 0.419, 0.394 and 0.376 mg-1 in static method and 0.399, 0.371, 0.361 and 0.339 mg.L-1 in continuous flow-through system. The static LC50 values are higher than the continuous flow-through method. The LC50 values showed a decreasing trend with an increase in time of exposure in both the methods. The decrease was more in a continuous flow-through method than in the static method. The fish were exposed to sub-lethal (1/10th of 96 h LC50 value 0.0376 mg.L-1) and lethal (96 h LC50 value 0.376 mg.L-1) concentrations of the pesticide for 24 and 96 hours to study the alterations in glycogen, total proteins and nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) contents of various tissues viz., gill, brain, liver, kidney and muscle. Glycogen, total proteins and nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) content values decreased in all the tissues of exposed fish and the per cent decrease is more apparent in lethal concentrations than in sub-lethal concentrations. From the present study, it can be concluded that Cartap hydrochloride caused a decline in the glycogen, total protein and nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) content in Cirrhinus mrigala and the changes are more pronounced in lethal exposure than in sub-lethal exposure.
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