Effect of systematic fertilisation on soil fertility in the cultivation of corn for grain
O. Litvinova
The article presents the results of studies on the systematic application of organic and mineral fertilisers on the fertility of grey forest soil and the formation of corn yield. It was determined that in the five-field crop rotation during the cultivation of crops, the formation of soil backgrounds with different physicochemical properties took place. Application of litter manure (direct action) at a dose of 60 t/ha against the background of moderate fertiliser rates (N40-80R30-60K40-80) contributed to the neutralisation of the soil solution to the values of a slightly acidic reaction (pHsal -5.2-5.3 units), while in the absence of manure (mineral fertiliser system), the pHsal remained within the range of medium acidic reaction. The most effective in terms of humus soil condition was the organic-mineral fertiliser system (12 t/ha of manure + N80P60K80) and organic (12 t/ha of manure per 1 ha of crop rotation area), respectively, the total humus content was 1.35 and 1.37% or in percentage terms 25-27% higher compared to the control (without fertilisers) – 1.08 t/ha. Optimisation of nutrient regime indicators (hydrolysed nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium) of the soil at the end of the rotation was provided by the organo-mineral fertiliser system (N100P60K100 against 60 t/ha of manure). The highest productivity of corn per grain (9.49 t/ha) was provided by the organic-mineral fertiliser system (60 t/ha of manure + N100P60K100), which is 86% higher than the control variant (without fertilisers), under such conditions the highest yield of crude protein was obtained – 0.98 t/ha
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