Identification and Quantification of Naphthoquinones and Other Phenolic Compounds in Leaves, Petioles, Bark, Roots, and Buds of <i>Juglans regia</i> L., Using HPLC-MS/MS
Aljaz Medic | Tilen Zamljen | Metka Hudina | Robert Veberic
The present study was designed to identify and quantify the major phenolic compounds in different <i>Juglans regia</i> L. (common walnut) tissues (leaves, petioles, bark, roots, buds), to define the compositions and contents of phenolic compounds between these tissues. A total of 91 individual phenolic compounds were identified and quantified, which comprised 8 hydroxycinnamic acids, 28 hydroxybenzoic acids, 11 flavanols, 20 flavonols, 22 napthoquinones, and 2 coumarins. Naphthoquinones were the major phenolic group in leaves, petioles, bark, and buds, as >60% of those identified, while hydroxybenzoic acids were the major phenolic group in side roots, as ~50% of those identified. The highest content of phenolic compounds was in the <i>J. regia</i> main root, followed by side roots and buds, leaves, and 1-year-old bark; the lowest content was in petioles and 2-year-old bark. Leaves, roots, and buds of <i>J. regia</i> represent a valuable source of these agro-residues.
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