Biotechnological tools against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> Tropical race 4 in <i>Musa</i> spp.
Idalmis Bermúdez-Caraballoso
Panama disease caused b y Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most damaging diseases attacking Musa worldwide. Race 1 caused an epidemic that destroyed the banana export industry based cultivar ‘Gros Michel’ (Musa AAA) in America as well as the disappearance of commercial production of cultivar ‘Manzano’ (Musa AAB) in Cuba. The Foc tropical race 4 (TR4) was first recognized in 1990 in Taiwan, causing serious damage to the standards for the export crops sub Cavendish group in several countries in Southeast Asia. Most troubling is that over 80% banana cultivars produced worldwide are susceptibles to this race, and thus represents a potential risk for producing countries of Latin America and the Caribbean where threat has not yet reached the pathogen. This review was conducted with the aim of presenting the possible implications of the entry into Cuba of tropical race 4 of Panama disease and strategies to prevent future damages caused by the disease. Include aspects of the symptomatology of the disease, mechanisms of infection, pathogenic complexity and dispersion of the pathogen as well as several biotechnological tools against the disease among which are: varietal resistance, resistance inducers and development of tolerant cultivars. Key words: bananas, fungi disease, Fusarium oxysporum, plantains, varietal resistance
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