Effect of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium Colonization on Microbiota Maturation and Blood Leukocyte Populations in Broiler Chickens
Kelsy Robinson | Anna L. F. V. Assumpcao | Komala Arsi | Gisela F. Erf | Annie Donoghue | Palmy R. R. Jesudhasan
Reducing <i>Salmonella</i> in commercial chickens is vital to decreasing human salmonellosis infections resulting from contact with contaminated poultry and poultry products. As the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in preventing pathogen colonization, we sought to understand the relationship between <i>Salmonella</i> infection and the cecal microbiota and the host immune system. Day-of-hatch broiler chicks were assigned to three treatments: control, artificial (SA), and natural (SN) <i>Salmonella</i> infection. At seven days of age, control and SA birds were inoculated with PBS or <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, respectively. Five SA birds were transferred to SN cages to facilitate natural infection. Cecal content and blood samples were collected at 0, 8, 14, and 21 days of age for microbiota and leukocyte analysis, respectively. A significant change in microbiota composition was observed in both groups as noted by a decrease in <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Escherichia</i> and an increase in <i>Bacteroides</i>. Leukocyte analysis revealed a decrease in the percentage of circulating monocytes at 7 days post-infection while a decrease in thrombocyte and an increase in heterophil percentages were seen at 14 days post-infection. Taken together, these results demonstrate the ability of <i>Salmonella</i> to modulate the intestinal microbiota to facilitate colonization. Additionally, results indicated an early role of monocytes and thrombocytes during colonization, followed by heterophils.
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