Effects of Yeast Culture Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Metabolites, and Immune Response in Geese
Jie Zhang | Hang He | Yancong Yuan | Kun Wan | Longjiao Li | Anfang Liu
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture (YC) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites, and immune functions in geese. One-day-old Sichuan white geese (<i>n</i> = 300) were randomly divided into five groups containing 0 (control), 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 4.0% of YC in the diet for 70 days. In general, the dietary supplementation of YC significantly increased the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in which the 1.0% or 2.0% levels were better and significantly reduced the average daily feed intake at the 2.0% level (<i>p</i> < 0.05). YC supplementation increased digestibility of P (quadratic, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and gross energy (quadratic, <i>p</i> = 0.04) from days 23 to 27 and crude protein from days 23 to 27 and days 64 to 68 (quadratic, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), with the 2.0% level being the most effective. Serum metabolites were significantly affected by dietary YC (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Supplemental YC increased IL-2 on day 28 (linear, <i>p</i> = 0.01; quadratic, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and lysozyme on day 70 (quadratic, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and decreased complement C4 on day 70 (linear, <i>p</i> = 0.05). Interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α genes were mostly up-regulated after YC supplementation, and interferon-γ and interleukin-2 gene expression levels were significantly increased at the 2.0% level (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Taken together, dietary YC supplementation improved growth performance and affected nutrient digestibility, serum metabolites, and immune function in geese, which was optimized at the 2% YC level in the present study.
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