Effects of Probiotics on Growth, Survival, Water Quality and Disease Resistance of Red Hybrid Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) Fingerlings in a Biofloc System
Aimi Zabidi | Fatimah Md Yusoff | Nurul Amin | Nur Jasmin Mohd Yaminudin | Puvaneswari Puvanasundram | Murni Marlina Abd Karim
Biofloc technology has shown positive effects in aquaculture, especially on the growth performance of cultured animals. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of adding different probiotic strains in a biofloc system on the growth performance and disease resistance of red hybrid tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.). Three different probiotics (<i>Lysinibacillus fusiformis</i> SPS11, <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> L9, and <i>Enterococcus hirae</i> LAB3), commercial probiotics (MG1) and a mixed probiotics (MP) combining all three strains were used in this study. The in vitro assay results showed that the mixed probiotic (MP) was able to inhibit the growth of <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and <i>Streptococcus iniae</i> significantly compared to the single and commercial probiotic. The efficacy of MP was further tested in in vivo tilapia culture challenged with <i>S. agalactiae.</i> The best specific growth rate (3.73 ± 0.23% day<sup>−1</sup>) and feed conversion ratio (0.76 ± 0.04) were recorded in the group of biofloc with addition of MP. After being challenged with <i>S. agalactiae</i>, the group of biofloc with MP had significantly higher survival (83 ± 1.43%) compared to the other groups. Furthermore, the nitrogen concentration (NO<sub>2</sub>-N and NH<sub>4</sub>-N) was significantly lower in all the biofloc groups compared to the control. Hence, the addition of probiotics was able to provide beneficial effects to red hybrid tilapia culture in the biofloc system.
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